Common Linux operations
1. Run sh file
The first method:
First you have to open a terminal. Then enter sudo su Then enter the password. This has achieved root User permissions. Then find the file
First, check whether the file has execution permission. If not, change the execution permission of the file, and then carry out the remaining operations implement./sh File name such.sh It runs.
The second method:
sh xx.sh
2. Check the file status, such as modification time, creation time, file size, etc
For example, I have a file named test Log, use stat to view the status of the file
stat test.log
3. View the size of a folder
du -h --max-depth=1
To view the size of a file:
ubuntu@ip-10-0-0-59:~/data/logs/java/tc-spider$ du -sh * 1.1M error_20180208.log 23M error_20180209.log 4.0K error_20180211.log 12K error_20180212.log 20K error_20180214.log 12K error.log 384M info_20180208.log 1012M info_20180209.log 1.1G info_20180210.log 2.0G info_20180211.log 2.1G info_20180212.log 2.0G info_20180213.log 1.9G info_20180214.log 2.0G info_20180215.log 2.0G info_20180216.log 46M info.log
df is used to view the space utilization of the device
$ df -lh
#View device usage
Reference: http://blog.csdn.net/wangjunjun2008/article/details/19840671
4. Linux looks for a string in a folder
grep -rn "6402105992922202358" * // The command 6402105992922202358 executed is the string to find
For example:
5. Use SSH to link remote ip
Under Windows, I'm used to ssh login with Xshell, and Mac can use Terminal directly.
Some common commands of ssh:
ssh root@ip
Log in to the server with the specified ip using the root account. Next, you need to replace the ip with the ip of your own server. If the server does not use a standard port, such as port 2345, it is:
ssh root@ip -p 2345
Exit the currently logged in server:
exit
6. Use of SCP command
Here are some simple examples:
The command to copy local files to the server is as follows:
scp <local file> <remote user>@<remote machine>:<remote path>
Upload file:
[root@test test]# scp ./mytest/password.php 172.30.4.42:/tmp/test2
Set the password under the mytest directory in the current directory Upload PHP to 172.30.4.42 server / tmp/test2 directory.
Upload directory:
[root@test test]# scp -r ./mytest 172.30.4.42:/tmp/test2
Upload the mytest directory in the current directory to the 172.30.4.42 server / tmp/test2 directory.
If you want to Copy a remote file to a local location:
scp <remote user>@<remote machine>:<remote path> <local file>
Download File
[root@test test]# scp 172.30.4.42:/tmp/test2/aaa.php ./
Add / TMP / test2 / AAA. In 172.30.4.42 Linux system copy the PHP file to the current directory
Download directory
[root@test test]# scp -r root@172.30.4.42:/tmp/test2 ./
copy the / tmp/test2 directory in the 172.30.4.42 Linux system to the current directory. Add root @ in front of 172.30.4.42 and prompt for the password. If not, you will be prompted for the user name and password
See scp command for details: scp --help
7. zip compression and unzip decompression
Compress a directory with the following command:
zip -r file.zip FolderName
Where - r means to compress the folder (i.e. recycle the file), file Zip represents the file name generated after compression, and FolderName represents the directory or folder name to be compressed
For example:
zip -r Projects.zip Projects/
If you are compressing a file, remove the - r parameter.
Decompression:
unzip file.zip
For example:
unzip Projects.zip
8. Server and local file transfer
yum install -y lrzsz
# sz filename
# rz
9. Creating and switching users
First, add an ordinary user with the adduser command. The command is as follows:
#adduser tommy / / add a user named tommy #passwd tommy / / modify the password Changing password for user tommy. New UNIX password: //Enter the new password here Retype new UNIX password: //Enter the new password again passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
Delete user:
userdel test
Delete test user
Switch users:
have access to su Command to switch users, su yes switch user Toggle user abbreviations. You can switch from ordinary users to root User, or from root Users switch to normal users. Switch from normal user to root The user needs to enter a password from root Users do not need to enter a password to switch to ordinary users. Command format: su [parameter] [-] [user name] The default value of user name is root. Usage example: su zhidao #Switch to zhidao user su #Switch to root
10. View the command of process occupied port and port number occupied process
View the port occupied by the process under linux:
(1) Check the process number corresponding to the program: ps -ef | grep process name
(2) View the port number occupied by the process number: netstat -nltp | grep | process number
ubuntu: view the port number occupied by the process: netstat -anp | grep pid
The process number used to view the port number under linux:
(1) Use lsof command: lsof -i: port number